Anatomy of a URL: Scheme, Host, Path and Query
The anatomy of a URL explained: scheme, host, port, path, query string and fragment, with encoding rules and edge cases every developer should test.
Category: Developer & Security
File Naming Conventions: Best Practices That Scale
File naming conventions that scale: how to choose a case style, date files so they sort, avoid forbidden characters and keep shared folders easy to search.
How to Mock API Data With JSON Before the Backend Exists
How to mock API data with JSON: build front ends before the backend is ready, write fixtures that catch bugs, and avoid the classic mistakes in fake data.
Semantic Versioning Explained: When to Bump What
Semantic versioning explained: when to bump major, minor or patch, how pre-release tags like alpha and rc sort, and what version ranges like ^1.2.0 mean.
How to Write Good Commit Messages (With Examples)
How to write good commit messages: the 50/72 rule, imperative mood, Conventional Commits types and before-and-after examples for a cleaner Git history.
Hash Functions Explained: MD5, SHA-1 and SHA-256
Hash functions explained in plain English: how MD5, SHA-1 and SHA-256 work, why outputs have fixed lengths, and which ones are still safe to use today.
Nano ID vs UUID: Which Unique ID Should You Use?
Nano ID vs UUID compared: length, alphabet, collision risk and URL friendliness, plus a simple guide to choosing the right unique ID for your app.
ULID vs UUID: Sortable IDs for Database Keys
ULID vs UUID for database keys: why time-ordered IDs improve index performance, how ULIDs encode time and how they compare with UUID v4 and v7.
MongoDB ObjectId Structure Explained Byte by Byte
MongoDB ObjectId structure explained: what the timestamp, random value and counter bytes mean, how to read creation dates and when to use your own _id.
How Ethereum Addresses Work: Format, Checksum, Safety
How Ethereum addresses work: where the 0x and 40 hex characters come from, what the EIP-55 checksum does and how to test wallet inputs safely.
IPv6 Address Notation Explained: Rules and Ranges
IPv6 address notation explained: how to shorten addresses with ::, which prefixes mean link-local, private or documentation, and how to test parsers.
How IBAN Check Digits Are Calculated, Step by Step
Learn how IBAN check digits are calculated with the mod-97 method, how to validate an IBAN in code and how to test payment forms with safe sample data.
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